Summary

  • Scientists who work in computational complexity theory use hypothetical devices called oracles to help understand the intrinsic difficulty of computational problems, and to develop new algorithms.
  • Oracles are thought experiments, and always give a yes or a no to any question, providing a useful tool for researchers who want to understand the real-world behaviour of computers.
  • Unlike a real magic 8 ball, an oracle will only answer a specific type of question, such as whether a given number is prime.
  • By inventing new oracles, scientists can reveal hidden connections between different complexity classes, helping them to answer fundamental questions about the relationship between different types of problems.
  • Oracle experiments have helped complexity theorists to better understand the P versus NP problem, and the potential power of quantum computers.

Original Article