Most Android phones require you to press the power button to turn off the screen, but there is a way to do this with a double tap on the lock screen.
This does depend on the model of the phone, with Samsung and Xiaomi phones having this functionality available, but Pixel phones do not.
It is possible to download a third-party app such as Toolbox or Double Tap Screen Off for this functionality on phones which do not have this native feature.
This is achievable on both lock and home screens.
It is worth checking phone settings to see if this feature can be enabled natively before downloading an app.